25/11/2017

Voltage Source and Current Source

Ideal Voltage Source
  • An ideal voltage source is one in which terminal voltage remains constant regardless current flow through its terminals. 
  • The ideal voltage source has zero internal resistance
  • The symbol for the ideal voltage source is shown in the Figure A. 
  • Its terminal voltage remains constant with respect to current as shown in the Figure B.ideal-voltage-source.png

Practical Voltage Source
  • As the practical voltage source has some finite internal resistance, its terminal voltage does not remains constant but falls as the current through the circuit increases. 
  • The practical voltage source has internal resistance r is shown in the Figure C. 
  • The terminal voltage V is equal to emf E minus voltage drop across resistance r. Its terminal voltage with respect to current is shown in the Figure D.

       V = E – Ir 
practical-voltage-source.png

Ideal current source
  • An ideal current source is one in which current through its terminals remains constant regardless of terminal voltage. 
  • The symbol of ideal current source is shown in the Figure E. 
  • The ideal current source has infinite internal resistance
  • The relation between voltage and current is shown in the Figure F for ideal current source.

ideal-current-source.png

Practical Current Source
  • The practical current source is one in which current through its terminal decreases as the voltage across it increases. 
  • The practical current source is considered by connecting parallel resistance across an ideal current source as shown in the Figure G. 
  • The current through terminal is I1 is equal to

        I1 = I – V / R
  • Where R is internal resistance of voltage source and V is terminal voltage of an ideal current source. 
  • The voltage – current relation is shown in the Figure H in which current falls as voltage across terminal increases.
practical-current-source.png
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